|
 Oil is found in many countries around the world, and it is formed from small remaining parts of animals and plants in the deep-reaching seas between 10 billion and 600 million years ago. These creatures sink deeply in the sands and mud of the seas, then after many years these creatures gather into a mass and became like layers free from oxygen or with a very small percentage. So these micro creatures will transform to carbonic combinations which will form the organic layers. The organic materials will mix with the sediments to form a rind with soft granules which is called source rock and when the sediments layer subsided, it will empower high pressure and heat on the sound rock. The high pressure and heat will transform the organic material to ore oil and natural gas. The oil will move from the source rock and gather in wider and more thickness place containing the lime stone or sand stones named the storage rock. The movement of the earth will limit the natural oil and gas in the storage rocks between the natural rocks or what is called the hat rocks like carnet or marble.
The movement of the earth includes:
Folding: the horizontal movements of the earth push inward and move the rock layers to the top as a file or anticline.
Faulting: the rock layers will split and part of them will remove up and down.
Pinching out: a layer of the rocks will squeeze the natural layer to the top in the storage rocks.
 Finding oil:
the mission of finding oil is the responsibility of the geologies; their duty is to find the suitable circumstances for the oil (the right source rock) and the storage rock and hunting. They are checking the surface rocks and terrain with the help of the photos that have been taken from the satellites. Also they use other ways to find oil like sensitive gravity measures to measure the slight changes in the gravity which express finding oil; in addition to that they use the magnetic measures to measure the slight changes in the magnetic field of the earth by using electronic noses called sniffers. Finally they use the earthquake survey by generating the apostate waves to the top.
The sticking wave is in the earthquake checking is generated through:
- compact air revolved – air beatings in the water (explorations above water)
- Thumber truck – hammering heavy plates in the ground (explorations above ground)
- Bombs-digging in the ground (explorations above ground) or thrown from a moving boat (explorations above water) and then doing the strucking and exploding
|
